System of electrical control



SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL CONTROL Filed Sept. 22, 1920 PHOTO- SENSITIVE CELPatented dune lZ;

wmn W. COBLEIWZ, OF W a val:

anon, nrs'rnrcr or con srsrm or nrnernronr. common n uccuca at Septemberas, rare. Eerie in. clause.

To all whom it conccm:

Be it known that 1 MW, Connnrrrz, a citizen of the United States oferlca residing at Washington, in the District Columbia, have invented acertain new and useful Improvement in a Sys of Electrical Control, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to imrove it ments in a system ofelectrical contro, hav-;

ing for its object to provide a novel apparatus and method of thermalradiojdynac control of mechanisms whereby to, render possible the remotecontrol of various mechit anisms possible and practical through the useof light reactive material interposed in the control circuit andadapted, with the projection of} certain colors of light n from a ointdistant thereonto, to have its aeelectrica conductivity either increasedvor decreased whereby to vary the passa oil.

current through the circuit and to bring about the desired operation.

@ther objects will be in part obvious and as in part pointed outhereinafter.

in order that the invention and its mode of application may he readilyunderstood by persons skilled in the art, l have in the accompanyingillustrative drawings and in the detailed following description basedthereon, set out several practical 'emi ments of the same. I

In these drawings:

Figure l is a schematic view of one possiso, his system of thermal radiodynamic control; Figure 2 is a similar view illustrating a modified formof control or relay 'Cll'fillit; Figure 3 is a like view of anothermodico fiedto of control relay circuit; and,

Figure l is a schematic view showing modified form of means forprojecting light rays of different colors and of greater and lesslengths than 0.65micromil 1m! onto the light ctive or photo-sensitivematerial.-

Having more particular reference to the drawings, in connection withwhich characters of reference will designate correto spending partsthroughout the several views, and referring in particular toFigure 1,this fo m of the m radio ynamic control may light reactive receiver,

.of reflector 2' so positioned'as to direct parallel light rays onto anangularly position vi condensing mirror 3 arranged at a point dis-'.tant therefrom, which mirror infturn'; serv to direct or reflect theliiht' rays onto'the ereinatter more W fully described. I

The control tem also includes wet my hetermed a control circuit e""'cr arelay 'circult, in which a suitable source of energy 5 1s arrangcd,whilea light reactive l itlmw W 6 is also arranged in one side of thiscontrol circuit and is adapt to vary the passage of current throuh thesame into an electro cal responsive evice 7 coected therein. Thisresponsive device may, if desired, be in form of a galvanometer, theindicating hand [8 of which is adapted to travel the space between thepointed and 10, which, it de sired, may serve as contact teinals forseparate vor individual circuits connected thereto but not. shown.Hence, when the inn dicator is'moved into contact with either of theseterminals 9 or 10, the same will serve to close the particularelectrical circuits in which thesarne are arranged. @l course it W isnot my intention to limit myself to t particular embodiment or to anyother specific adaption of my improved system of control, the underlyingprinciple of the invention residing in the provision of an electri calsystem of remote control, that is, a systern whereby various mechanismslocated at I a distance from. a source of light may have theiroperations 'controlled by the operator who is positioned in proximity toor adja M cent such light.

The light reactive hody 6 is preferably form oi molyhdenite or sulphideoil molyln denite, although other lormsot photo-sensi-= tive or lightreactive materials may he emt5 loyed, such as conditions or preferencemay ictate, as for example, sulphideot anti mony or selenium orstibnite.

1 and by reason of its coloring which may beeither violet, blue, green,greenish yellow, or yellow, will serve as means for absorption of lightrays of wave lengths greater than 0.65 micromillimeters. The light raysso screened when directed onto the light re active body 6 by means ofthe angularly positioned condensing mirror 3 will serve to decrease theelectrical conductivity thereof and in consequence, will decrease theflow of current through the electrical responsive device 7 connected inthe control circuit 4 whereb to efiect variation in the positions of theindicator 8 or the return. of the same to its initial starting positionwhereat it will contact with the terminal 10. To increase the electricalconductivity of the body or receiver 6, a second screen, not shown, issubstituted in lieu of the screen 11 and will serve to transmit onlylight rays of wave lengths greater than 0.65 micromillimeters. Thissecond screen is preferably in form of a ruby glass or the like. Thus,with the ruby screen covering the light source 1, the electricalconductivity of the receiver 6 will be increased, again varying the flowof current through the control circuit 4: and the electrical responsivedevice 7 connected thereto in order that the indicator 8 will be movedfrom its initial starting position adjacent the terminal 10 into contactwith the terminal 9- for closing the second circuit of the mechanism tobe controlled by my improved system. 1

Instead of employing a body of light reactive material such as indicatedat 6 in the Figure 1, I have found it practical to also include in thecontrol circuit 4 in lieu thereof, a Wheatstone bridge indicated in itsentirety by the numeral 12 having a body of light reactive1material-13in one am thereof, as clearly shown in the, Figure 2. A galvanometer 14or other electrical responsive device is connected at opposite points tothe arms of the bridge and has contact terminals 15 and 16 positionedupon either side of and in proximity to. the indicator 17 of suchgalvanometer.

In employing the arrangement shown in Figure 2, the Wheatstone bridge 12is positioned in such a manner as will permit the reflection of thecolored light rays onto the light reactive body or receiver 13. Star-tinwith the bridge 12 balanced in the dar the galvanometer indicator willbe caused to swing, say in thedirection of the contact terminals 15,whereby to close the circuit in which the same are interposed when thereceiver 13 is exposed to red or infra red radiation, that is, lightrays of wave lengths greater than 0.65 micromillimeters. However, whenthe receiver is exposed to light rays of violet, blue, green,

greenish yellow, or yellow, or rays. of wave aaaaiee I is, intoengagement with the contact ter minals 16 for closing the particularcircuit in which they are interposed.

As another modification of the form of the invention shown in Figure 2,Imay employ two light reactive receivers such as indicated at 18 and 19in Figure 3, these receivers being arranged in the opposite arms of the'Wheatstone bridge 12' which is included in the control or relaycircuit4; the opposite sides of a galvanometer 14' or other desired electricalresponsive device being connected to such opposite arms of the bridge asclearly shown. By this multiple arrangement, t of course will beunderstood that the sensitivity of the regulating device will bedoubled, the receivers 18 and 19 decreasing in electrical conductivityupon the projection of light rays of wave lengths less than-0.65micromillimeters thereonto and increasing in their electricalconductivity with the projection of light rays of wave lengths greaterthan 0.65

' mlcromillimeters, these several actions of the receivers, obviously,causing the flow of current through the arms of the bridge to be changedin direction and to enter the gal vanometer 14' in directions which willcause, optionally, the movement of this indicator 17 into engagementwith either the contact terminals 15 or 16' for closing the particularelectrical circuits in which they are interposed.

In lieu of the form of light projecting means as schematicall shown inFigure 1, it has also been foun practical to employ that form ofapparatus which is also schematically shown in Figure 4, compris-' ing alight source 20, the rays from which are received and collimated by alens 21 of a spectroscope, whereupon the same are dispersed by directvision prism 22 and then focused into a spectrum 23 by means of an imageforming lens 24 of the spectroscope. An an ularly adjustable mirror 25is positione in proximity to the image forming lens 24 of thespectroscope and by moving the same to'one sition, the red rays from thespectrum will be reflected therefrom through a lens 26 in order that thesame will be projected in parallel onto the light reactive means of thecontrol circuitd, while when the mirror 25 is shifted to its secondposition, the yellow light rays from the readies,

spectrum 23 will be reflected therefrom through the lens 26 in parallelonto said light reactive means. .By this circuit reilection of lightrays of wave lengths greater and less than 0.65 micromillimeters, it isto. be understood that increasing or decreasing of the electricconductivity of the light re active receiver arranged'in the controlcircuit 4 ma be controlled at will by an operator mere y with theshifting of the mirror 25 to the desired position.

For purpose of illustration, itmay be stated that the circuitscontrolled by the indicator of the galvanometer or the other movableelement of whatever form of electrical responsive device is employedwith the control circuit 4 may be adapted. to operate motors in oppositedirections in the steering of a torpedo from a remote distance, or othermechanism, such as relays, recording devices, etc.

lit is to be also understood, that l do not confine my invention to asingle light reactive receiver or bridge, butthat Various ceiverinterposed in a relay circuit, whereby to increase or decrease theelectrical conductivity of said receiver to vary the flow of currentthrough an electrical responsive device connecte in such circuit.

2. A method of thermal radio dynamic control consisting in the directingof rays of thermal radiation onto a photosensitive body interposed in arelay circuit for either increasing or decreasing the conductivity ofsaid body dependent upon the intensity and wave length of suchrays forcausing operation oifan electrical responsive device interposed in therelay circuit.

3. A method of thermal radio dynamic control consisting in theprojection'of rays of thermal radiation onto a light reactive bodyinterposed in a relay circuit, the source of such thermal ray-s being ata point re-- mote from the light reactive body whereby to increase ordecrease theelectrical con- 'ductivity of such light reactive body toedect operation of an electrical responsive device connected to therelay circuit, and a modulation of the thermal rays adjacent the sourcethereof for either increasing or decreasing their intensity and wavelengths.

d. A thermal radio dynamic control apparatus comprising a light source,an electric relay circuit remote from such source, anelectricalresponsive device in the relay circuit, photosensitive; means interposedin one side of said circuit adapted to receive the light rays emitted bysaid source, and means for modulating the light rays emitted by suchsource to vary the intensity and Wave length thereof to increase ordecrease electrical conductivity of the photosensitive means dependentupon their wave lengths. 5. Athermal radio dynamic control apparatuscomprisingia light source, an elec tric relay circuit remote'from saidsource, an electrically responsive device interposed in the circuit, aphotosensitive body in one side-of such circuit adapted to have the raysemitted by said source directed thereonto, and means for selectivelycolorin the light rays emitted by said source whereby to vary theintensity and wave length thereof for efiecting increase or decrease inthe electrical conductivity of said body.

6. A thermal radio dynamic control apparatus comprising a light source,"an electric relay circuit remote from such source, a Wheatstone bridgein the circuit having certain of its arms formed of a photo-sensitivematerial and adapted to receive the light rays emitted by said source,an electrically responsive device connected to the bridge, and means forselectively changing the intensity and wave length of the rays ofthermal radiation emitted by said light source whereby to increase ordecrease the conductivity of the photo-sensitive material.

7. Athermal radio dynamic control a paratus comprisin an electric relaycircuit, a Wheatstone bri e in the circuit, certain of the armsof saibridge being formed of molybdenite and adapted to receive light raysemitted by said source, an electrically till responsive device connectedto the bridge, I

and means foriselectively changing the thermal rays emitted by the lightsource whereby to increase or decrease their intensity and wave lengthsfor varying accordingly, the

electric conductivity of said molybdenitearms.

8. A thermal radio dynamic control ap- I paratus comprising a lightsource, an electrlc relay circuit remote from such source, a Wheatstonebridge 1n c rcuit, one of the.

whereby to. increase or decrease, accordingly, jn

the electric conductivity of the molybdenite arm.

Mill

Hill

arms of said bridge being tormed of a photo- 9. A thermal radio dynamiccontrol apparatus comprising a light source, an electric relay circuitremote from such source, a Wheatstone bridge interposed in the circuit,certain of the arms of said bridge being formed of molybdenite adapted.to be ex- 5 posed to the action of rays from said light source, anelectrically responsive device con nected to the bridge, and meansadjacent such light source for selectively coloring the rays emittedtherefrom whereby to change the intensity and wave lengths of the sameto accordingly increase or decrease the electrical conductivity of saidmolybdenite arms. 7 W1LLIAM W. GOBLENTZ.

